Law firm obtained approval to represent debtor in its chapter 11 case, but a number of potential conflicts of interest were revealed in connection with an objection to firm's subsequent request for fees. Based on those conflicts, which had not been revealed initially, the bankruptcy court denied all of the requested fees and disqualified law firm from further representation of debtor, pursuant to 11 U.S.C. § 328(c). The district court affirmed, noting that law firm should not have even applied for appointment in the case.
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Title: In re Am. Tierra, Inc. | Date: Nov-4-1986 | Status: APPEAL Unpublished (U.S. District Court, Utah) | Case(s): 81-3073
Title: In re Paiute Oil & Mining Corp. | Date: Oct-21-1986 | Status: APPEAL Unpublished (U.S. District Court, Utah) | Case(s): 84C-3451
The parties to this appeal, debtor and buyer, had a dispute over buyer's payment of a deposit to debtor, after the purchase was not consummated. Buyer obtained a district court judgment against debtor, in the amount of $30,000 plus interest, which debtor appealed to the Tenth Circuit. In taking the appeal, debtor posted a $40,000 supersedeas bond. Debtor assigned its interest in the supersedeas bond to its attorney and, approximately seven months later, filed a chapter 11 bankruptcy petition. Despite the pending bankruptcy, the Circuit reversed the judgment in favor of buyer and released the supersedeas bond to debtor. Buyer's motions seeking various alternative relief were all denied by the bankruptcy court. On appeal, the district court denied the bankruptcy trustee's motion to dismiss, concluding that it had jurisdiction to hear both final and interlocutory bankruptcy orders, and that there was ample cause to review the bankruptcy court's decision. The district court agreed with the bankruptcy court's ruling that buyer improperly sought to establish a constructive trust on the supersedeas bond by motion instead of by adversary complaint. However, the district court disagreed that the case was "inappropriate" for such a trust, concluding that such a determination would depend on fact-findings that had not been made. The district court also concluded that the bankruptcy court had erred by failing to state reasons for denial of buyer's motion for stay relief. The case was remanded to the bankruptcy court for further proceedings.
Title: Aetna Fin. Co. v. Bedford (In re Bedford) | Date: Oct-8-1986 | Status: APPEAL Unpublished (U.S. District Court, Utah) | Case(s): 84PC-1914
The bankruptcy court found that a debt owed to creditor was non-dischargeable under both 11 U.S.C. § 523(a)(2)(A) and (a)(2)(B). The district court affirmed, concluding that the bankruptcy court's fraud findings were not clearly erroneous.
Title: C & C Co. v. Seattle-First Nat'l Bank (In re Coal-X Ltd., "76") | Date: Oct-7-1986 | Status: APPEAL Unpublished See 184.pdf (U.S. District Court, Utah) | Case(s): 84PC-1914
Debtor was the sub-lessee of a 15-year lease to mine coal on real property located in West Virginia. In May 1984, debtor failed to make its annual rent payment for the first time and, shortly thereafter, filed a bankruptcy petition. Landlords in West Virginia have a statutory lien on any personal property brought onto their property by the lessee. Subsequent to debtor's sub-lease, debtor granted bank a security interest in its assets, the majority of which were located on the leased property. The bankruptcy court granted trustee's request to sell debtor's coal mining equipment free of liens, with valid liens to attach to the proceeds, and the equipment was sold. Later, trustee avoided the statutory landlord's lien on debtor's property, pursuant to 11 U.S.C. § 545, and the lien was preserved for the benefit of the estate by 11 U.S.C. § 551. Trustee then filed an adversary action against bank to determine the validity, priority, and extent of the competing liens. On cross-motions for summary judgment, the bankruptcy court ruled that the landlord's lien had priority over bank's security interest, and that the annual rent payment would be apportioned from the date it was due to the date when the trustee rejected the lease and surrendered the real property. On appeal, the district court considered whether the amount of the landlord's lien was the entire annual missed payment, or whether it was subject to apportionment. The court held that it had the equitable power under the Bankruptcy Code to apportion the rent, even though the state statute may apply the rule of non-apportionment. The district court further held that, although the bankruptcy court had properly applied apportionment to the rent, it had not properly defined the apportionment period, which should have been from the rent's due date to the date the petition was filed. Postpetition, lessor is entitled to the reasonable value of debtor's use of the premises as an administrative claim. Finally, the district court ruled that the bankruptcy court erred in not adding interest to the landlord's lien amount, which was clearly provided by state law.
Title: Rupp v. Graybar Elec. Co., Inc. (In re L & M Elec. Contractors, Inc.) | Date: Oct-2-1986 | Status: APPEAL Unpublished (U.S. District Court, Utah) | Case(s): 85PA-0096
Trustee filed an adversary complaint seeking to recover allegedly preferential payments made to defendant by debtor, pursuant to 11 U.S.C. § 547(b). Relying on § 547(c), defendant claimed to have given new value to debtor by releasing its mechanics' lien rights and other claims, in exchange for the payments. Relying on the parties' stipulated facts, the bankruptcy court ruled in favor of trustee, and defendant appealed. The district court rejected defendant's new value defense, concluding that debtor's release of mechanic's liens from property on which debtor, an electrical contractor, had used defendant's supplies had only changed the identity of the holder of the claim against debtor, which does not constitute new value. Any value that was transferred by defendant's releases inured to the owner of the property or its insurer, rather than to debtor's estate. While recognizing that its ruling represented a substantial hardship for the construction industry, the district court indicated that it could not amend the plain meaning of § 547(a). The bankruptcy court's order was affirmed.
Title: In re Gibson Prods. Co., Inc. | Date: Sep-30-1986 | Status: APPEAL Unpublished (U.S. District Court, Utah) | Case(s): 86C-0933
Debtor, which had sublet retail property from Albertson's, appealed the bankruptcy court's denial of its motion to extend its time to assume or reject the sublease. On appeal, debtor moved to both stay the bankruptcy court's order and enjoin Albertson's from alienating debtor's leasehold interest during the appeal. The district court determined that it had authority under Bankruptcy Rule 8005 to grant the relief debtor sought, and identified four factors that should be weighed in making a decision to either grant or deny such relief. Those factors are (1) irreparable injury to debtor, (2) likelihood of the appeal's success, (3) harm suffered by Albertson's, and (4) harm to the public interest. Based on its consideration of those factors, the district court determined that the bankruptcy court's order should be stayed, and Albertson's should be enjoined from transferring debtor's leasehold interest, while the appeal was pending.
Title: In re Ralsu, Inc. | Date: Sep-30-1986 | Status: APPEAL Unpublished (U.S. District Court, Utah) | Case(s): 85A-2848
Undersecured creditor appealed the bankruptcy court's denial of its motion to either dismiss or grant relief from stay. The district court concluded that the bankruptcy court had not abused its discretion by denying the motion to dismiss debtor's chapter 11 petition based on creditor's failure to establish that debtor filed its petition in bad faith. The district court also considered whether the bankruptcy stay should be lifted, based on lack of adequate protection, concluding that a claim secured by real property having lesser value than the claim is adequately protected by preservation of the status quo, which is accomplished by protection of the property from diminution in value, rejecting an "equity cushion" approach. The district court agreed with the bankruptcy court that transfer of the secured property by an individual to a newly created corporate debtor that immediately filed its bankruptcy petition did not make the transfer fraudulent and thus remove the property from debtor's estate, particularly since the individual could have accomplished the same thing by filing her own chapter 11 petition. Finally, the district court held that, even if the stay had terminated pursuant to Bankruptcy Rule 4001(b)'s 30-day limit between the hearing on the motion for relief and issuance of an order on that motion, the bankruptcy court's order denying stay relief, entered outside of that time period, invoked the court's equitable power under 11 U.S.C. § 105 to reinstate the stay. Additionally, the court's § 105 equitable powers need not be specifically referenced for them to be deemed invoked. The bankruptcy court's decision was affirmed.
Title: Main Hurdman v. Baldwin (In re Vasilacopulos) | Date: Sep-14-1986 | Status: UNPUBLISHED (Judge Clark) | Case(s): 84PC-1094
Trustee for Ponzi scheme debtor filed an adversary complaint seeking recovery of payments made by debtor to defendant as fraudulent conveyances under 11 U.S.C. § 548(a)(2). The court found that trustee had failed to offer sufficient evidence of debtor's insolvency at the time of the payments, which was an element of its claim against defendant. The court considered whether it could take judicial notice of debtor's schedules and a stipulation entered in another adversary proceeding in which defendant was not a party, as proof of debtor's insolvency. The court concluded that it could not take judicial notice of those documents as proof of insolvency because they did not meet the "not subject to reasonable dispute" standard of Fed. R. Evid. 201 (FRBP 9017). Trustee's complaint was dismissed.
Title: Main Hurdman v. A & W Invs., Inc. (In re IML Freight, Inc.) | Date: Sep-4-1986 | Status: UNPUBLISHED (Judge Clark) | Case(s): 85PC-1265
Chapter 7 trustee filed adversary complaint against defendants, alleging fraudulent conveyances under 11 U.S.C. § 548 and Utah law, and breach of fiduciary duty by former officers and directors of debtor. Defendants filed a motion to dismiss the complaint pursuant to Fed. R. Civ. P. 12(b)(6) and Bankruptcy Rule 7012. The court granted the motion with respect to some of the defendants, and allowed trustee to amend the complaint to clearly specify which defendants were subject to each cause of action. The court rejected defendants' principal claim, which was that trustee's claims were barred by the limitations period in 11 U.S.C. § 108(a), concluding that the applicable limitations period was three years, as provided by Utah law.
Title: Nat'l Acceptance Co. v. Salina Truck & Auto Parts, Inc. (In re Salina Truck & Auto Parts, Inc.) | Date: Sep-4-1986 | Status: UNPUBLISHED (Judge Clark) | Case(s): 84PC-1082
In considering competing claims to an assignment of the seller's interest in a Utah Uniform Real Estate Contract, the court concluded that the contract was personal property, and therefore subject to Article 9 of Utah's Uniform Commercial Code. The court also determined that the contract did not fall within the definition of an "instrument" under Article 9, and would therefore be considered a "general intangible." Under Article 9, security interests in "instruments" are perfected by possession, while "general intangible" interests are perfected by filing a financing statement with the Secretary of State. Although debtor had possession of the original contract, lender's previously filed financing statement perfected its interest in that document, and the court ruled in favor of lender.